Introduction xxi
Chapter 1 Introducing VMware vSphere 5 1
Exploring VMware vSphere 5 1
Examining the Products in the vSphere Suite 3
Examining the Features in VMware vSphere 8
Why Choose vSphere? 20
The Bottom Line 22
Chapter 2 Planning and Installing VMware ESXi 23
Planning a VMware vSphere Deployment 23
Selecting ESXi Installable or ESXi Embedded 24
Choosing a Server Platform 25
Determining a Storage Architecture 26
Integrating with the Network Infrastructure 27
Deploying VMware ESXi 29
Installing VMware ESXi Interactively 29
Performing an Unattended Installation of VMware ESXi 35
Deploying VMware ESXi with vSphere Auto Deploy 40
Deploying VMware ESXi Embedded 46
Performing Post-installation Confi guration 47
Installing the vSphere Client 47
Reconfi guring the Management Network 50
Confi guring Time Synchronization 52
The Bottom Line 53
Chapter 3 Installing and Confi guring vCenter Server 55
Introducing vCenter Server 55
Centralizing User Authentication Using vCenter Server 57
Providing an Extensible Framework 59
Choosing the Version of vCenter Server 60
Planning and Designing a vCenter Server Deployment 61
Sizing Hardware for vCenter Server 62
Choosing a Database Server for vCenter Server 63
Planning for vCenter Server Availability 65
Running vCenter Server in a VM 67
Installing vCenter Server 68
Confi guring the vCenter Server Backend Database Server 69
Running the vCenter Server Installer 75
Installing vCenter Server in a Linked Mode Group 80
Deploying the vCenter Server Virtual Appliance 84
Accepting the End-User License Agreement 87
Confi guring the Database 88
Starting the vCenter Server Services 88
Exploring vCenter Server 88
What’s in the vCenter Server Home Screen? 89
Using the Navigation Bar 90
Creating and Managing a vCenter Server Inventory 90
Understanding Inventory Views and Objects 91
Creating and Adding Inventory Objects 93
Exploring vCenter Server's Management Features 97
Understanding Basic Host Management 97
Examining Basic Host Confi guration 99
Using Scheduled Tasks 101
Using Events View in vCenter Server 103
Using vCenter Server's Maps 104
Working with Host Profiles 106
Managing vCenter Server Settings 108
Custom Attributes 109
vCenter Server Settings 111
Roles 116
Sessions 116
Edit Message of the Day 116
Export System Logs 116
The Bottom Line 118
Chapter 4 Installing and Confi guring vSphere Update Manager 121
Overview of vSphere Update Manager 121
Installing vSphere Update Manager 123
Defi ning the Requirements 124
Confi guring VUM’s Database 125
Creating the Open Database Connectivity Data Source Name 128
Installing VUM 129
Installing the Update Manager Download Service (Optional) 132
Installing the vSphere Update Manager Plug-in 133
Reconfi guring the VUM or UMDS Installation with the Update Manager Utility 134
Upgrading VUM from a Previous Version 135
Confi guring vSphere Update Manager 135
Routine Updates 145
Attaching and Detaching Baselines or Baseline Groups 145
Performing a Scan 148
Staging Patches151
Remediating Hosts152
Upgrading the VMware Tools 156
Upgrading Virtual Appliances and Host Extensions158
Upgrading Hosts with vSphere Update Manager158
Importing an ESXi Image and Creating the Host Upgrade Baseline159
Upgrading a Host 161
Upgrading VM Hardware 163
Performing an Orchestrated Upgrade 165
Investigating Alternative Update Options 165
Using vSphere Update Manager PowerCLI 165
Upgrading and Patching without vSphere Update Manager 166
The Bottom Line 167
Chapter 5 Creating and Configuring Virtual Networks 169
Putting Together a Virtual Network 169
Working with vSphere Standard Switches 172
Comparing Virtual Switches and Physical Switches 173
Understanding Ports and Port Groups 174
Understanding Uplinks 176
Confi guring Management Networking 179
Confi guring VMkernel Networking 182
Confi guring VM Networking 186
Confi guring VLANs 187
Confi guring NIC Teaming 192
Using and Confi guring Traffic Shaping 204
Bringing It All Together 205
Working with vSphere Distributed Switches 209
Creating a vSphere Distributed Switch 210
Removing an ESXi Host from a Distributed vSwitch 214
Removing a Distributed vSwitch 216
Creating and Confi guring dvPort Groups 217
Managing Adapters 223
Using NetFlow on vSphere Distributed Switches 228
Enabling Switch Discovery Protocols 230
Setting Up Private VLANs 231
Installing and Confi guring the Cisco Nexus 1000V 234
Installing the Cisco Nexus 1000V 235
Confi guring the Cisco Nexus 1000V 243
Confi guring Virtual Switch Security 245
Understanding and Using Promiscuous Mode 247
Allowing MAC Address Changes and Forged Transmits 247
The Bottom Line 251
Chapter 6 Creating and Confi guring Storage Devices 253
Reviewing the Importance of Storage Design 253
Examining Shared Storage Fundamentals 254
Comparing Local Storage with Shared Storage 257
Defi ning Common Storage Array Architectures 258
Explaining RAID 260
Understanding Midrange and Enterprise Storage Array Design 264
Choosing a Storage Protocol 266
Making Basic Storage Choices 280
Implementing vSphere Storage Fundamentals 282
Reviewing Core vSphere Storage Concepts 283
Working with VMFS Datastores 301
Working with Raw Device Mappings 322
Working with NFS Datastores 324
Working with VM-Level Storage Configuration 334
Leveraging SAN and NAS Best Practices 347
The Bottom Line 352
Chapter 7 Ensuring High Availability and Business Continuity 355
Understanding the Layers of High Availability 355
Clustering VMs 357
Introducing Network Load Balancing Clustering 358
Introducing Windows Failover Clustering 359
Implementing vSphere High Availability 371
Understanding vSphere High Availability 371
Understanding vSphere HA's Underpinnings 373
Enabling vSphere High Availability 375
Confi guring vSphere High Availability 378
Managing vSphere High Availability 391
Implementing vSphere Fault Tolerance 393
Using vSphere Fault Tolerance with vSphere High Availability 399
Using vSphere Fault Tolerance with vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler 400
Examining vSphere Fault Tolerance Use Cases 400
Planning for Business Continuity 400
Providing Data Protection 401
Recovering from Disasters 404
The Bottom Line 406
Chapter 8 Securing VMware vSphere 407
Overview of vSphere Security 407
Securing ESXi Hosts 408
Working with ESXi Authentication 408
Controlling Access to ESXi Hosts 415
Keeping ESXi Hosts Patched 421
Managing ESXi Host Permissions 422
Confi guring ESXi Host Logging 431
Reviewing Other ESXi Security Recommendations 436
Securing vCenter Server 436
Authenticating Users against vCenter Server 437
Understanding the vpxuser Account 442
Managing vCenter Server Permissions 443
Examining vCenter Server Logging 453
Securing Virtual Machines 454
Confi guring Network Security Policies 454
Keeping VMs Patched 454
The Bottom Line 455
Chapter 9 Creating and Managing Virtual Machines 457
Understanding Virtual Machines 457
Examining Virtual Machines from the Inside 457
Examining Virtual Machines from the Outside 459
Creating a Virtual Machine 463
Choosing Values for Your New Virtual Machine 475
Installing a Guest Operating System 478
Working with Installation Media 479
Using the Installation Media 481
Working in the Virtual Machine Console 482
Installing VMware Tools 484
Installing VMware Tools in Windows 485
Installing VMware Tools in Linux 488
Managing Virtual Machines 490
Adding or Registering Existing VMs 490
Changing VM Power States 492
Removing VMs 493
Deleting VMs 493
Modifying Virtual Machines 494
Changing Virtual Machine Hardware 494
Using Virtual Machine Snapshots 498
The Bottom Line 503
Chapter 10 Using Templates and vApps 505
Cloning VMs 505
Installing Sysprep on the vCenter Server 506
Creating a Customization Specification 507
Cloning a Virtual Machine 512
Creating Templates and Deploying Virtual Machines 514
Cloning a Virtual Machine to a Template 516
Deploying a Virtual Machine from a Template 517
Using OVF Templates 519
Deploying a VM from an OVF Template 519
Exporting a VM as an OVF Template 523
Examining OVF Templates 524
Working with vApps 526
Creating a vApp 527
Editing a vApp 529
Changing a vApp's Power State 532
Cloning a vApp 533
Importing Machines from Other Environments 534
The Bottom Line 535
Chapter 11 Managing Resource Allocation 537
Reviewing Virtual Machine Resource Allocation 537
Working with Virtual Machine Memory 539
Understanding ESXi Advanced Memory Technologies 540
Controlling Memory Allocation 543
Managing Virtual Machine CPU Utilization 552
Default CPU Allocation 553
Setting CPU Affinity 553
Using CPU Reservations 554
Using CPU Limits 555
Using CPU Shares 556
Summarizing How Reservations, Limits, and Shares Work with CPUs 558
Using Resource Pools 559
Confi guring Resource Pools 561
Understanding Resource Allocation with Resource Pools 562
Regulating Network I/O Utilization 568
Controlling Storage I/O Utilization 573
Enabling Storage I/O Control 575
Confi guring Storage Resource Settings for a Virtual Machine 578
The Bottom Line 582
Chapter 12 Balancing Resource Utilization 585
Comparing Utilization with Allocation 585
Exploring vMotion 586
Examining vMotion Requirements 590
Performing a vMotion Migration 593
Ensuring vMotion Compatibility 596
Using Per–Virtual Machine CPU Masking 596
Using VMware Enhanced vMotion Compatibility 598
Exploring vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler 601
Understanding Manual Automation Behavior 602
Reviewing Partially Automated Behavior 603
Examining Fully Automated Behavior 603
Working with Distributed Resource Scheduler Rules 605
Using Storage vMotion 612
Introducing and Working with Storage DRS 614
Creating and Working with Datastore Clusters 616
Confi guring Storage DRS 619
The Bottom Line 628
Chapter 13 Monitoring VMware vSphere Performance 631
Overview of Performance Monitoring 631
Using Alarms 632
Understanding Alarm Scopes 633
Creating Alarms 634
Managing Alarms 640
Working with Performance Graphs 642
Overview Layout 642
Advanced Layout 645
Working with resxtop 653
Using resxtop 654
Capturing and Playing Back Performance Data with resxtop 656
Monitoring CPU Usage 656
Monitoring Memory Usage 659
Monitoring Network Usage 661
Monitoring Disk Usage 663
The Bottom Line 665
Chapter 14 Automating VMware vSphere 667
Why Use Automation? 667
Using Workfl ows with vCenter Orchestrator 668
Understanding vCenter Orchestrator Prerequisites 668
Confi guring vCenter Orchestrator 669
Using an Orchestrator Workflow 676
Automating with PowerShell and PowerCLI 678
Installing PowerCLI 678
Working with Objects 679
Running Some Simple PowerCLI Scripts 683
Using vCLI from vSphere Management Assistant 686
Using vSphere Management Assistant for Automation with vCenter 688
Leveraging the Perl Toolkit with vSphere Management Assistant 689
The Bottom Line 692
Appendix A The Bottom Line 695
Chapter 1: Introducing VMware vSphere 5 695
Chapter 2: Planning and Installing VMware ESXi 696
Chapter 3: Installing and Confi guring vCenter Server 698
Chapter 4: Installing and Confi guring vSphere Update Manager 700
Chapter 5: Creating and Confi guring Virtual Networks 702
Chapter 6: Creating and Confi guring Storage Devices 704
Chapter 7: Ensuring High Availability and Business Continuity 707
Chapter 8: Securing VMware vSphere 709
Chapter 9: Creating and Managing Virtual Machines 710
Chapter 10: Using Templates and vApps 712
Chapter 11: Managing Resource Allocation 714
Chapter 12: Balancing Resource Utilization 716
Chapter 13: Monitoring VMware vSphere Performance 718
Chapter 14: Automating VMware vSphere 720
Index 723